Endocrine System >
Primary Hyperaldosteronism
“Tumour causing increased aldosterone production”
Pathophysiology
- Conns Tumour
- Increased aldosterone production
- Decreased potassium retention as well as increased sodium retention
Clinical Presentation
- Hypokalemia
- Muscle weakness
- Constipation
- Hypernatremia
- Hypertension
- Headaches
- Metabolic alkalosis
Investigations
- Aldosterone to renin ratio:
- Primary: should show high aldosterone and low renin
- Secondary: high aldosterone and renin
- Abdominal CT and adrenal vein sampling to differentiate bilateral sources of aldosterone excess
Management
- K+ sparing diuretics
- Removing tumour in Conns syndrome
- Treat hypertension
- Treat metabolic factors
Complications
- Complications related to hypertension
- HF
- Stroke
- Kidney failure
- Complications related to hypokalemia
- Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- Thirst
- Muscle cramps